Hydraulic brake.



S. H. KEEFER.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 2. 1910.

IQMW., Patented July 13, 1915. I

miran sraras rarnnr onirica.

SAMUEL H. KEEFER, 0F PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR 'IO NILES-BEMENT- POND COMPANY, 0F JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HYDRAULIC BRAKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1915.

To all Iw71 om it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL H. KEEFER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Plainfield, Union county, New Jersey, have invented certain Improvements in Hydraulic Brakes, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention has for an object the provision of a simple, durable and eflicient braking device which while normally being out of action, shall automatically act to retard and ultimately stop the'movement of the structure or mechanism to which it is attached. I

Another object of the invention is the provision of a reliable brake which may be applied to machines, such as planers, which have a reciprocating table or other part, for the purpose ofpreventing drifting of such parts after the current, or other motive power, has been cut off from the driving motor. i

Another object of the invention is to provide a relatively simple yet substantial hydraulic brake which shall be controlled by an electro-magnet; the arrangement being such that the brake is automatically applied upon the cessation of current flow through the magnet. i

Other objects will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the drawings, in which are illustrated one or more of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention, Figure 1, is a longitudinal vertical section illustrating a brake constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2, is a vertical scction on the line w-a, Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a fragmentary end elevation of Fig. 1; illustrating the detail construction of part of the `magnet cavity, and Fig. 4, is a diagrammatic view of one arrangement of the electric wiring.

'Referring now to Fig. 1, there is representcd'at 1 a castingor other suitable structure through which extends a shaft 2 forming part'of or connected to the machine or structure to be braked. In the embodiment is connected to or forms part of the casting y 1; being held thereto in the present instance by a series of bolts 4. This casing has a cavity in which is closely itteda gear wheel 5 keyed, or otherwise suitably fixed to, the shaft 2. A second gear wheel 6 is keyed 0r lixed to a short shaft 7, which, in the present instance, .is tubular. This shaft is supported partly in the body of the casing 3 and partly in a sleeve 8, whose forward endis ianged and closely fitted to a plate 9 held by screws 10 to one side of the gear 6. The opposite end of the sleeve 8 is closed and it is so proportioned as to permit of a limited longitudinal movement of the shaft 7 with the gear 6 and its plate 9; this latter being of the same external diameter as the facial diameter of the gear. lThere is also provided at 1l a suitable sleeve mounted in the casing 3 for the support of the opposite end of the shaft 7 and this latter has its tubular bore enlarged for the reception of a headed bolt 12 fixed to said casing 3 and having upon it a spring 13, within said enlarged bore or cavity. This spring is confined between the head of the bolt and a head 13a fixed in the end of the shaft 7 the arrangement being such that said bolt `head fits loosely in the cavity which, with the bore of the-shaft and the sleeve 8, is designed, under operative conditions, to contain oil or other suitable liquid.

Mounted within the structure l and concentric with the shaft 7 upon the sleeve 8 is a magnet 14 whose winding is, under operative conditions, connected across the line supplying current to the motor 2122, driving the planer or other device to which my invention is attached. The supply wires for said magnet are broughtV into the cavity in which it is mounted through a suitable insulating bushing 15. Asis shown best in Fig. 2, the cavity in which the gears 5 and G are mounted communicates thro-ugh openings 1G andvl with vtwo cavities 18 and 19 formed in the casing 3 and it is noted'that said gears fit their cavities so closely as to practically prevent flow of liquid between their faces or the faces of their teeth and the adJacent walls of the casing. Under operative conditions, these reservoirs 18 and 19 and the cavity containing the gears 5 and y6 are filled with oil or other suitable liquid, up to the level of a supply opening 20, and as long as current is supplied to the line, the magnet 14 is energized, thereby attracting toward it the shaft 7, as well as the plate 9 and'its attached gear. These latter are then moved toV the right against thev action of the spring 13 and inasmuch as the gear 6 is thus partly drawn out of mesh with the gear 5, both of said gears are free to turn without obstruction; the gear 6 being revolved idly. as the `shaft 2 is driven, irst in one direction and consequence, the two gears 5 and 6 are fullyv in mesh with each other and thereupon act as a gear pump, drawing the liquid Afrom the reservoir 19, for example, through the opening 17 and almost immediately filling the.

reservoir 18 through the opening 1,6. The gears, therefore, lock and cannot thereafter turn except at a greatly reduced speed, so that'a braking force is immediately exerted on the shaft 2 and the apparatus connected thereto, bringing the same quickly to rest.

By this means any accident or injury to thel apparatus is prevented, since this device is always ready for use and is automatically applied whenever current is cut off from the driving mechanism.

It is, of course, obvious that the magnet 14 may be connected in any desired part of the circuit so that it vwill be denergized upon the opening of a circuit breaker or the blowing of a fuse. In any case, as soon as current is again supplied to the line or to any portion bf the circuit in which the magnet is connected, the latter is energized and again draws the shaft 7 and plate 9 toward it with the result that the gear 6 is pulled partially out of mesh with the gear 5. The gears are then free to turn idly without retarding the movement ofthe shaft 2, the liquid being in effect by-passed.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention couldl be made without departing from th'e scope thereof, it is intended that all matl-ter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not/in a Y limiting sense. It is also to be understood that the .language used in the following claims is intended to cover all ofthe generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scopeof the invention, which, as a matter of laning one of the gears partially out of mesh to by-pass the liquid.

' 2. In a brake, in combination, a liquid-v containing casing; intermeshing gears closely fitting said casing and adapted for' relative axial movement; electromagnetic means for partially withdrawing one of the gears from mesh with the other gear to bypass the liquid; and a springl tending to move one ofthe gears into mesh with the other.

3. Incombination, an electrically driven structure; intermeshing gears connected therewith; a liquid-'containing casing coacting with said gears to form a brake under predetermined conditions; electromagnetic f means adapted to-be energized when current is supplied to said structure and normally holding one of said gears partially out of -mesh with the other; and means for moving said gears fully into mesh when said electromagnetic means are denergized.

4. In combination, a liquid-containing casing; two intermeshing gears therein capable of acting as a brake; a motor operatively connected to one of said gears; and two devices, one for moving the second gear partially out of mesh with the iirst gear and the other for returning said gear into mesh; one of'said devices being supplied from the same source of current as-that supplying said motor.

5. In a brake, in combination', a liquidcontaining casing; intermeshing gears therein, of which one is axially movable; a magnet for axially moving said latter gear; and

a spring normally holding said gears in mesh. 1

6. In combination, a liquid-containing casing; intermeshing gears; one of said gears being axially slidable and having a plate fitting one of its sides to prevent escape of liquid between its teeth; a magnet adapted to slide said gear in one direction; and a spring adapted to move it in another direction.

7 In. combination, a liquid-containing casing having a cavity; intermeshing gears closely fitting the same; two closed reser- 13 l Avoirs respectively connected to opposite por'- tions of the first cavity; electro-magnetic means for moving one of the gears relatively to the other tb permit of said gears turning idly; and means for moving said gear in the opposite direction to cause it to mesh more fully with the other.

8. In combination, intermeshing'gears; a

liquid-containing casing coacting with said gears to form a brake under predetermined conditions, eleotroresponsive means normally holding one of said gears partially out of mesh with the other; and means for moving vsaid gears fully into mesh when current is cut offfrom said electro-responsive means. Y

Witnesses:

'WILLIAM k1:3. BRADLEY, WM. A. BARR. 

